The same thing happened with online cash registers as with any innovation. At first, everyone criticized the innovation. “The state has gotten into our pocket again,” “Why can’t they live in peace,” the entrepreneurs were indignant. And now everyone is used to it and can’t get enough of it. Servicing an online cash register is easier and cheaper; it generates all the necessary reporting itself and makes the cashier’s work easier. And most importantly, the number of mutual visits to the tax office has sharply decreased. Inspectors visit you less often, and you visit them less often.
Moreover, already at the stage of registering the cash register, everything is much simpler - now there is no need to go to the tax office. You can register your device through your personal account on the Federal Tax Service website for free. As we have already written, this will require an electronic digital signature - EDS. It's time to tell you more about it.
Do I need a digital signature for an online cash register?
54-FZ came into force , entrepreneurs had to visit a Federal Tax Service office to register their cash register.
Online cash registers imply the possibility of online registration with tax authorities and with the fiscal data operator (OFD transmits information on checks to tax authorities). All this requires the entrepreneur to create an electronic digital signature.
Digital signature is the first step when registering cash register equipment:
The answer to the question “Do I need an electronic signature for an online cash register?” can only be positive.
EPC is used in the following cases:
- Registration of the cash register
- Signing or terminating an agreement with OFD
- Re-registration of online cash registers
Legal provisions and requirements
In total, there are three variations of electronic signatures officially used on the territory of the Russian Federation:
- Simple. Used for user pre-authorization. Most often it is a login/password combination or a one-time digital code.
- Reinforced unskilled. Previously, only they were allowed to create electronic documents and interact with the State Services portal, including the Federal Tax Service. They will soon be abolished.
- Reinforced qualified. They differ from unqualified ones by a special encryption algorithm that meets the required GOST standards.
What kind of electronic signature is needed for a cash register?
Only a strengthened qualified certificate can be used, and it must be issued exclusively through a certification center accredited by the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications. The signature must first be recorded for the legal entity (for this, changes are made to the Unified State Register of Legal Entities or the Unified State Register of Individual Entrepreneurs). All these standards are specified in Federal Law 54, which have been in force since the beginning of 2016.
To submit an application for registering a cash register, the applicant will also need to install the CryptoPro CSP program on his computer - it is used to generate and install a personal certificate in the OS, as well as to certify electronic documents (including applications).
EPC type suitable for online cash register
An electronic signature is digitally encrypted information that helps identify a person. EPC helps individuals sign electronic documents. Make them equivalent to paper ones - with a handwritten signature.
The digital signature algorithm is recorded on electronic media: an electronic key, an eToken smart card or a regular flash drive. The electronic signature is valid for only a year.
There are three types of digital signature:
- Simple (regular) for individuals in banks
- Reinforced unskilled (for example, during document flow between employees)
- Enhanced Qualified Signature (CES) for exchanging information with the Federal Tax Service
The CEP for an online cash register requires a reinforced type. Because this is the most secure type of digital signature from hacking and forgery. It cannot be created independently and for free. Such signatures are generated by registered certification centers. This service is paid.
If an entrepreneur has a valid enhanced qualified digital signature, which was made for filing tax reports, there is no need to make a separate signature to register an online cash register.
And now about how to make everything easier
We have already written several times about where you can buy an online cash register. Let's remember briefly. So this can be done:
- in a trade automation company;
- at your bank;
- from the fiscal data operator.
Almost everyone offers turnkey installation of a cash register. The package offer includes, among other things, an electronic signature and registration of the device with the tax office. That is, you don’t need to go to any certification center - everything will be done for you. We strongly recommend following this path. These guys have everything so streamlined that getting an online cash register up and running can take less than one day.
In general, everyone does this. Electronic document management has a significant disadvantage. You need to be at least a confident PC user to do everything correctly. And then you will have to figure out a lot, make mistakes and step on numerous rake. As an example: an electronic queue at the clinic. An excellent thing in all respects. There is no need to get up in the wound or go to the hospital. There are no coupons, registers, queues, windows and that's all. It seems to be beautiful. But what do you tell a 70-year-old grandmother to do who not only signs up for the electronic queue, but also doesn’t know how to turn on the computer? It is much more common for her to stand in line and receive the coveted piece of paper.
The same is true with electronic document management. It’s obviously not possible to figure everything out right away. And the performance of electronic systems often leaves much to be desired—something always freezes, glitches, or simply doesn’t work. Therefore, turning to specialists for help is the most correct option . Moreover, it is not that expensive.
Important! If your accounting department already submits tax reports via the World Wide Web, then your organization already has a strengthened qualified electronic signature. It is also suitable for registering an online cash register with the Federal Tax Service and there is no need to buy a new one.
Electronic signature for individual entrepreneurs for online cash register
An individual entrepreneur who has just registered and has not yet sent a report to the tax office will encounter an electronic signature for the first time when registering an online cash register.
The following requirements are put forward for it :
- Issuance through a certification center (the list can be found on the Federal Tax Service website)
- Issued to the entrepreneur himself (you cannot register an online cash register using an accountant’s digital signature)
A qualified electronic signature for an individual entrepreneur for registering an online cash register cannot be used for an online auction of government procurement. There are separate qualified signatures for this.
Unfortunately, companies will not be able to use the digital digital signature that was purchased for EGAIS to register an online cash register. They have different purposes.
How to choose a certification center
You can choose any one you like. There is no fundamental difference in the work of the centers. The price is also about the same. The cost of the service depends on the reliability of the media on which the key and key certificate are recorded, the timing of signature production, as well as the level of technical support.
Read reviews about the work of certification centers, compare prices, look for the one that is closer to you. That's all the criteria.
The cost of a qualified digital signature starts at 1,500 rubles and can reach up to 5 thousand.
How to get EPC?
- Select a suitable center:
- Based on the price of the service
- By location
CEP for an online cash register costs from 1.5 to 4 thousand rubles. The cost is influenced by the reliability of the company and the availability of technical support from its brand.
- To write an application. This can be done in person by handwriting an application for receiving a CEP for the online cash register. If the center has an application form on the website, it is best to submit an application electronically, this way you save your time.
- Prepare documents. In addition to the application, the center will request copies of all documents that confirm data on the entrepreneur’s activities.
- Pay for the service. When the application is reviewed, the center will issue an invoice. The finished CEP for the online cash register will be issued only after receiving money for the service.
- Receiving a ready key. According to the law, an individual entrepreneur can take away the key:
- Entrepreneur himself
- A person who has a power of attorney to represent the interests of an entrepreneur
Regardless of who receives the signature, the center must provide the payment document and the original versions of business documents (usually notarized copies are accepted, but it is better to check with the center).
The signature is valid for one year. Next, you need to obtain a new digital signature. Typically, a large number of documents are not required to renew the signature period at the same center. However, if the certifying organization has closed its operations, everything will have to start again.
A legal entity can issue an electronic digital signature for an online cash register only within the walls of a certification center. This service is available to individual entrepreneurs at the MFC and at the Federal Tax Service.
Where to get a qualified enhanced electronic signature
An electronic signature of this format can only be obtained from specialized organizations - certification centers. There you need to take the necessary documents, fill out an application and pay the cost of the service. The production time depends on the workload and promotion of the center, the region of its presence and other factors. Usually it is 1-5 business days. There are services for urgent production of digital signatures, but they are more expensive.
Important! Certification centers that have the right to issue qualified enhanced electronic signatures to citizens and legal entities must be accredited by the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications to conduct this type of activity. A current list of such organizations can be found here.
What documents are needed to generate an electronic signature?
To generate an electronic digital signature for an online cash register, you must provide a standard package of documents (copies):
- Charter
- Memorandum of association
- Order on the appointment of a director and a scan of his passport, SNILS, TIN
- Certificates of registration of a legal entity and registration with the tax authorities
The certification center will also request an extract from the register of legal entities (USRLE), which was made no later than 6 months before. Sometimes a more recent extract from the register is required to obtain the EPC. It is recommended to find out this fact in a specific center.
The company may request a different package of necessary papers to generate a digital key. It can be either larger or smaller. We recommend that you check directly with the center for current information.
Digital signature for employees
From 01/01/2022, company employees will begin to use a signature issued in their name to certify work documents. In such an electronic signature only full name is indicated. employee, and there is no information about the legal entity where he is on staff.
But there is a nuance that was already mentioned above. A power of attorney in machine-readable form is attached to the certified documents. It takes time to implement it. It will be spent on:
- development of principles for working with a power of attorney;
- approval of the required regulations;
- equipping information systems and services with functions for accepting electronic documents.
Full-fledged work in these areas has already been developed, and it is unlikely to be completed before July 1. Therefore, if you decide to update your digital signature, first make sure that the system or portal you are using supports accepting powers of attorney. Contact the CA only after confirming this information.
Important!
Expect news about the use of electronic powers of attorney closer to 2022. Follow the news publications of major EDI and IP operators.
Remote registration of an online cash register with CEP
A company or entrepreneur that has registered a CEP for an online cash register can use it to apply to the Federal Tax Service. This is done using the resource nalog.ru - the official portal of the Federal Tax Service.
Remote registration of an online cash register with CEP:
- Login to your personal account on the Federal Tax Service portal
- Selecting “Online cash register accounting”
- Filling out the form with data about the cash register (license plate, FN, etc.)
- Confirmation of information using a digital signature (the “sign and send” button)
- Then you need to wait for a response from the tax office
Collection of basic information about cash registers
Installation address
Indicate the actual address of the cash register installation. If there is no actual location, you must indicate the nearest available address. However, you can only select from those available in the drop-down line.
Name of the location where the cash register is installed
Indicated in free form. For example, ticket office No. 333 at Moscow, Krasnaya pl., 1.
The subject of the Russian Federation
Indicated depending on the address where the cash register is installed.
Tax authority code
The tax authority code is not part of the tax office address; it cannot be found in the Unified State Register of Legal Entities/Unified State Register of Individual Entrepreneurs. You can find out the tax authority code on the tax office website.
Cash register model
The CCP model must be selected from the drop-down list.
Serial number of KKT
FN model
The fiscal drive model must also be selected from the drop-down list.
Serial number FN
Indicated in the documents included with the FN, or on the device itself.
After completing all data entry, you must click the “Next” button.
Collecting additional information about the cash register*
The data indicated in this list is indicated if necessary. After selecting one or more items, check the selected items and click the “Submit” button.
How is digital signature verified for an online cash register?
Registration of an online cash register using a qualified electronic signature will require from the individual entrepreneur not only a flash drive with a key, you will also need:
- Encryption software "CryptoPro". The software is installed on the entrepreneur’s computer or laptop and runs while using the digital electronic equipment.
- A public key certificate confirming that the signature belongs to the owner.
What role does each of the following elements play:
Timing and cost
By time
Receiving an electronic signature from the moment of submitting documents
takes no more than 2-3 hours.
Only in rare cases may it take several days.
The price of digital signature,
on average, is from 2500 rubles.
Typically, this cost includes completing the necessary documents for the Certification Authority, obtaining the base certificate and recording it.
The client can provide his own media (USB flash drive) or write the CEP on a special protected Rutoken media, this will cost an additional 2000-3000 rubles.
Personal secret key and public key
A document that is encrypted using a personal secret key is sent to the OFD or directly to the Federal Tax Service along with an open certificate. There the signature is verified as follows:
- The electronic document is run through an encryption program, a hash document is created;
- The digital signature for the online cash register is verified using a public key, and another hash document is obtained.
If the data in these two documents is the same, then it is recognized that the information provided by the entrepreneur or company has legal force.
UPD: description updated 10/22/2019
Signing the application
After clicking the poison button, a window for interacting with the CEP driver will appear (using the example of CRYPTO-PRO). When a pop-up window appears about the driver interaction with https://platformaofd.ru, confirm the information by clicking the “Yes” button.
Then select your personal key from the list of available ones.
Check the data and click the "Download" button.
After this, your application will appear in the list of applications with the status “Processing by the Federal Tax Service”.
After some time, the status will change to “Waiting for registration”. At this stage, you need to click on the application and view its details.
The registration number of the cash register system, which was assigned to it by the Federal Tax Service, will be available in the details of the application.
A link to an electronic version of the document in PDF format will also be available. It looks like this:
