Cash desk in 1C

This article will tell you how the cash register works in 1C 8.3. You will learn about operations:

with cash documents;
formation of a cash book;
with payment cards;
connecting an online cash register to 1C.

You will get acquainted with the 1C: Cashier and find out in what cases this application will be needed.

For more details, see the online course: “Accounting and tax accounting in 1C: Accounting 8th ed. 3 from A to Z"

Working with cash documents

Managing the organization's cash desk involves conducting operations for receiving and issuing funds with daily summing up.

In 1C, such operations are carried out from the section Bank and cash desk – Cash desk – Cash documents.

Coming

The receipt of funds is carried out by the Cash Receipt , which can be created from the Cash Documents using the Receipt .

Cash receipts have several types of transactions, by choosing which, depending on the transaction being carried out, you can quickly fill out a document and correctly reflect the transaction in accounting.

For most types of operations, the following are automatically installed:

Settlement account;
Income item.

Transaction type Other income is used for non-standard transactions with any settlement account and type of income (type of cash flow).

More details, generation of the Cash Receipt when:
sale to the buyer;
return of unused accountable amounts;
payment of the management share in cash.

Consumption

Cash expenses are documented in the Cash Issue from the Cash Documents using the Issue .

Cash Withdrawal document also has several types of transactions with predefined settlement accounts and expense types.

Other expenses - for facts of economic life that are not provided for by other types of transactions in the Cash Issue .

More information about the formation of the Cash Withdrawal for:
issuance of accountable amounts.

Purchasing through an accounting firm/accountant

An experienced accountant always knows where to buy a cash register cheaper and faster. If you work with someone like this, be sure to consult with him - perhaps he has a familiar cash register mechanic or a company with which he has already worked - buying and registering cash registers.

pros

responsibility for the purchase of the cash register passes to the accountant - in case of errors, the loss can be deducted from his salary.

Minuses

if the accountant is not so good, then he may make a mistake in selecting the cash register;
the accountant can increase his margin.

Payment card transactions

Reception and return of funds through electronic means of payment - payment cards, electronic money (Yandex, Kiwi, etc.) - are not related to the receipt and payment of cash, but relate to actions at the cash desk, as they require the use of cash register equipment ( KKT). Therefore, in 1C, documents on such transactions are available from the section Bank and cash desk – Cash desk – Transactions on payment cards.

See also Transactions on payment cards and bank loans in 1C 8.3

With payment cards the following transactions are possible:

Retail revenue - used for retail sales through a manual point of sale (NTP), i.e. when it is impossible to account for goods sold at retail on a daily basis;
Payment from the buyer - used: for retail sales through an automated point of sale (ATP), i.e. when records of goods sold at retail are kept daily;
in distance sales with payment via the Internet;
for wholesale sales, when payment is made by corporate payment card;

Return to buyer - used when returning money.

Document Payment card transaction transaction type Payment from the buyer is used for ATT, when payment and shipment of goods are separated in time (for example, prepayment via the Internet). If the goods are paid for at the point of purchase, payment by payment card will be reflected in the Retail Sales Report document.

To use payment card transactions, you must:

set up a warehouse of a retail outlet in 1C (Directories - Goods and Services - Warehouses): ATT - with the warehouse type Retail store ;
NTT - with warehouse type Manual point of sale;

set up an accounting policy regarding the valuation of goods in retail (Main – Settings – Accounting policy):

ATT - at sales prices;

NTT - any of the options.

enter into an agreement with the acquiring bank;

configure the Settlements with acquirer .

Read more How to make acquiring payments in 1C so that income from retail outlets under UTII does not appear in the Book of Income and Expenses under the simplified tax system

Purchasing a cash register from mobile operators - MTS and Megafon

MTS, Beeline and Megafon also sell cash registers.
MTS cash desks can even be found in some communication stores. MTS - sells MS-POS and Neva cash registers in its showrooms, locked under its software. MTS software is a copy of LiteBox - unpopular software from a Russian company from Vologda. Beeline - in collaboration with Alfa-Bank, sells and connects their kits to its mobile network. Megafon - sells cash registers from Atol and Evotor.

pros

famous brand.

Minuses

expensive;
limited selection of cash registers;
binding to your own software at the checkout - if you stop paying, the checkout stops working;
they do not sell peripheral equipment: if in the future you need to purchase additional equipment - a cash drawer, a barcode scanner, etc., you will have to additionally look for its suppliers;
bad consultants before purchasing - in salons, consultants do not know anything at all about cash registers, just like if you call the MTS or Megafon helpline;
After purchase, they are immediately sent to the service center for registration.

Working with an online cash register in 1C step by step

For more details, see the online course: “Online cash register management in 1C Accounting 8 from A to Z”

Connecting the cash register to 1C

The 1C program allows you to work with an online cash register. To do this, you need to connect cash register equipment.

From the section Administration - Settings - Programs - Connected equipment, go to the form Connecting and setting up equipment .

From the list of equipment types, select CCP with data transmission . Click the Create to enter an entry for the new equipment.

Fill in:

Hardware driver - selected from a list of possible ones depending on the brand of cash register;
Organization - selected from the list (if the database is maintained for more than one organization);
Workplace - the user’s workplace from which the cash register is installed is automatically filled in;
Name - the name in the program, is installed automatically when you select the Hardware Driver, you can change it to your own;
Serial number - enter the serial number of the cash register indicated in the registration certificate (it is not necessary to fill in).

If the driver has not yet been installed, the program will inform you about this when you try to start configuring the cash register by clicking the Configure .

The driver is supplied with the equipment. The program also offers to download it from the supplier's website.

After installing the driver, the program will automatically proceed to setting up the cash register.

After setting up the CCP, perform a connection test.

Registration of a fiscal drive in 1C

When the 1C online cash register is installed, carry out the necessary operations with the fiscal drive (FN) to register the cash register with the Federal Tax Service. The procedure consists of three stages:

submitting an application for registration of a Federal Tax Service to the Federal Tax Service;
registration of a fiscal drive in the 1C program;
completion of registration of the Federal Tax Service on the website of the Federal Tax Service.

The result of the first stage should be a registration number assigned to the cash register by the tax office. It will need to be entered into the CCP registration form in the program.

Log in to Connecting and setting up equipment (Administration – Settings – programs – Connected equipment), open the form for connecting and setting up the selected cash register, click the Operation with fiscal drive and select Registration .

Fill out the form that opens, Registration of a fiscal drive . Upon completion of the operation, click the Continue operation :

the data will be transferred to the online cash register and recorded in the cash register registration card;
The cash register will print the report.

Enter the report data into the form at the final stage of registering the cash register on the Federal Tax Service website.

See also Scope of application of cash registers (from the recording of the broadcast dated July 09, 2018)

Working the cash register in 1C 8.3 step by step instructions

When the online cash register is ready to work in 1C, the cashier can begin opening a shift. Opening a shift is a mandatory daily procedure at the beginning of work at the cash register. At the end of work, the shift must be closed (clause 2, article 4.3 of the Federal Law of May 22, 2003 N 54-FZ).

Opening, as well as closing a shift, in 1C is carried out through the section Bank and cash desk – Cash desk – Fiscal device management.

Information about open and closed cash shifts is contained in the Cash Shifts (Bank and cash desk – Cash desk – Cash shifts).

You can punch a check in 1C using different documents, depending on the method of organizing trade and the type of trading operation:

Check (Sale);
Cash receipt;
Cash withdrawal;
Payment by payment card;
Debiting from current account;
Receipt to the current account.

Check (Sales) is suitable for retail transactions when the buyer is impersonal. The document is available from the section Sales – Retail sales – Retail sales (receipts) – Sale button.

The receipt will be printed only from the device on which the same information as in the document Receipt (Sales) :
Organization;
The warehouse (or the warehouse was not specified at all when registering the cash register).

The receipt can be provided to the buyer in paper form:

and choose sending to email or phone:

More details Breaking through a cash register check “with data transfer”. Cash payment for retail sales of goods

Documentation:

Receipt of cash - when paying in cash;
Payment by payment card - when paying by electronic means of payment;
Receipt to the current account - in case of non-cash payment by individuals

are used for sales transactions to legal entities, individual entrepreneurs or individuals, when it is important for us to reflect a specific person when paying.

More details:
sale to a specific buyer for cash
sale with payment by payment card

In order for the receipt to reflect the goods indicating the price and quantity when selling according to documents:
Cash receipt;
Payment by payment card;
Receipt to the current account,
It is necessary to indicate in them the Invoice to the buyer , on the basis of which payment is made.

Documentation:

Cash withdrawal,
Debiting from current account

used for refund transactions.

Help-report of a cashier-operator in 1C 8.3

At the end of the shift, the cashier generates a certificate-report of the cashier-operator according to the KM-6 form. Since 2021, control and financial departments do not require its completion (Letters of the Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation dated September 26, 2016 N ED-4-20 / [email protected] and the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated April 4, 2017 N 03-01-15/19821). But organizations can use it as an internal reporting document.

The cashier's certificate report KM-6 in 1C can be printed from the document Retail Sales Report by clicking the Cashier's report report (KM-6) .

Buying a cash register on Aliexpress, eBay, Amazon and other foreign resources

On the Chinese market you can find replicas of Russian cash registers, but unfortunately these devices cannot be registered with the tax office in Russia, since all serial numbers of Russian cash registers are entered into the tax office database during production at the factory, and then when registering the cash register, a check is carried out according to this number - if the number is not in the tax database - is automatically refused registration.
If you do not need to register a cash register with the tax office, then you can try to take a replica, but you cannot be completely sure of its functionality - it may not have the Cyrillic alphabet or the cash register firmware may be completely absent.

Appendix 1C: Cash desk

1C: Cash register is an alternative to the accounting program 1C 8.3 Accounting in terms of maintaining inventory records and sales through cash register systems.

If you have simple merchandise accounting, and the cashier’s workplace is equipped separately from the accounting department and accounting program, and perhaps even involves mobile sales, then the 1C: Cashier may be what you need.

1C: Cash register is compatible with mobile and stationary cash registers:

Shtrikh-Mpey-F - autonomous online cash register;
Evotor - smart terminal;
1S-ATOL MK-11F - automation kits for mobile trading;
1S-ATOL MK-30F - set for stationary trade
With other cash registers that have a 1C certificate: Compatible!

Equipment maintenance

When accounting for online cash registers, the costs of equipment maintenance and repair are included in expenses. This applies to expenses for routine repairs, the purchase and replacement of components, and payments for central service centers. Such costs are reflected in the entry Dt 44 - KT 60 for the amount of repairs performed. The same posting applies to payments for monthly maintenance.

When making an advance payment for the period specified in the agreement, costs are written off in equal parts over the duration of the agreement. For the amount of the advance payment, the posting DT 60 - KT 51 is made, for monthly write-off - DT 44 (20, 26) - KT 60.

Important! The useful life of cash register equipment is indicated in the documentation supplied with the device.

OFD services under the simplified tax system

Services for processing fiscal data are included in expenses as costs for communication services in accordance with clause 18, clause 1, article 346.16 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation. Expenses for the acquisition of cash registers are included in costs on the basis of clause 35, clause 1, Article 346.16 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, and it does not matter whether the cash register provides the transfer of fiscal data or not.

1 Figures are given as an example

Cash register users who use the simplified tax system with the tax object “income minus expenses” take into account the cost of OFD services as part of their costs. This conclusion is confirmed by the letter of the Ministry of Finance of Russia in letter No. 03-11-06/2/73772 dated 12/09/16. Services for processing fiscal data are included in expenses as expenses for communication services in accordance with paragraph 18 of paragraph 1 of Article 346.16 of the Tax Code RF.