Entrepreneurs who are engaged in trade, catering and the provision of other services sooner or later encounter such concepts as cash register, cash register and fiscalization. What is it, what to look for when choosing a device for recording sales, what laws regulate the use of cash registers and what fines an entrepreneur may face - in this article we decided to dot all the i’s.
Fiscalization, at first glance, is a difficult concept, but in this guide we will prove the opposite to you
KKM: what is it
A cash register is a cash register, which in everyday life is called a cash register. The cash register operates as a stand-alone device for printing receipts, i.e. Each product is assigned a specific code, which is recorded in the device’s memory. The cash register is used quite rarely, because... its internal memory holds a limited number of product codes. Most often, retail outlets use a fiscal registrar or PPO (settlement transaction registrar). It only works with business automation software, i.e. The entire product database is in the program.
Software for online cash registers
Now about the issue of automation software based on online cash registers. If you have to automate from scratch, then it makes sense to do it competently and with the ability to scale the system. Now the choice of such software products and services is very large, and the price range for a more or less sane system is from 1000 rubles. per month for cloud services, up to tens of thousands of rubles for full-fledged cash register programs for a local server. But in this article we are not even talking about the need for such software, but about the tax deduction, which dried up for us already at the stage of purchasing a cash register with FN and an annual contract with the OFD, so we’ll stop there.
What is a fiscal registrar and how does it work?
Integrated solutions from Chameleon Soft will help you manage your business quickly and easily
A fiscal registrar is a kind of receipt printer that has a modem and a board with fiscal memory for transmitting data to the tax office. As stated above, fiscal registrars only work with a POS system for trade. Typically it consists of software, a PC, a POS monitor, a bank terminal for cashless payments and a barcode scanner.
The fiscal registrar works as follows: the cashier scans the goods and closes the receipt on the computer. The fiscal registrar prints the check and at the same time records information about settlement transactions in the fiscal memory and ensures the generation and sending of reports to the State Tax Service (state tax service).
Why does an entrepreneur need a fiscal registrar?
For an entrepreneur, the use of a fiscal registrar together with a POS system provides full accounting of trade operations, optimization of inventory, control of balances, cash in the cash register and personnel. The use of PPO significantly increases the speed of operation of a retail outlet, which means the cashier can serve a larger number of customers, which ultimately leads to greater revenue.
What is fiscalization of cash registers
Fiscalization is the procedure for commissioning and exchanging data from a cash register or cash register with tax services. Fiscalization is needed to control and regulate the money turnover of entrepreneurs by the state.
Features of fiscalization in Ukraine
Setting up fiscalization using our equipment will easily optimize all business processes of your enterprise
If a few years ago the procedure for fiscalization of cash register machines or fiscalization of cash register equipment (cash register equipment, as it is called in some official documents) took quite a lot of time, today it has been significantly simplified. We asked our RPO service center specialist to talk about this:
“The simplified cash register fiscalization scheme is as follows: after the client has purchased a fiscal registrar, all he needs to do is go to the State Fiscal Service’s electronic account and submit an application to register his cash register. In parallel, he enters into an agreement with the CSO (service center) for servicing the fiscal registrar. The CSO fiscalizes the RPO, enters all the necessary data, such as the fiscal number, name and address of the outlet, tax rates are indicated, etc. After this, it provides the client with an act of entering and sealing the fiscal registrar. At this point, the fiscalization of the cash register is completed, and the client can work on the device.”
Legal rules for using PPO
Regarding the legal side of the issue, according to the law on the use of settlement transaction registrars No. 1053-1, payers of tax groups 2, 3 and 4 are required to use cash registers if the amount of income is more than 1 million UAH. We are talking not only about stationary retail establishments, such as shops, kiosks, supermarkets, etc. The law provides for the fiscalization of payment terminals and vending machines. And from October 1, 2021, fiscal registrars must use online stores, gas stations, healthcare, hotel and tourism services, jewelry trade, and catering establishments.
There are also fines for failure to make monetary transactions through PPO or failure to issue a check in the amount of 10% (for the first violation) and 50% (for each subsequent violation) of the cost of the goods until October 1, 2020. At the end of the transition period, fines will be 100% and 150% of the cost of the product or service sold in violation, respectively, for the first and subsequent violations.
Registration of cash register on the OFD Platform website
Possibilities of the cash register section.
The “CCP” section allows you to view the full list of registered CCPs in departments. In this section, you can connect a cash register and make the appropriate settings; to do this, go to the “Connect cash register” / “Connect cash register” section.
- Click the “+ Connect cash register” button.
- Next, a window will open with the parameters for registering a cash register; these data must correspond to the information entered on the Federal Tax Service website.
- Initially, you need to select the cash register that is used by the Client from the drop-down list (in accordance with the cash register register 54-FZ), then information by numbers and internal name (arbitrary).
- The “Promo code” field is optional (this field is intended for entering a discount code for tariffs or for linking to a Partner).
- After making the settings, click “Save”.
The CCP with the name assigned to it will appear in the list. To view the settings, just select the desired cash register and click to go to its settings. This CCP can be deleted at any time by clicking on the “Delete” button.
This section also provides for batch input of terminals, which greatly facilitates the entry of a large number of cash registers into the personal account. This functionality is carried out by downloading an Excel file with specified associative tags for the terminal settings. You can find detailed instructions for batch downloading a cash register in the “Connect cash register” section in your personal account.
Troubleshooting:
If fiscal documents were never transferred from the cash register after all the settings were made, or stopped being transferred some time after setting up the cash register, please check the following parameters:
- Identity of the serial number of the FN in the personal account “OFD Platform” and the KKT (FN) passport;
- Availability of ports 21101, 19081 depending on the connection server;
- Ethernet over USB (EoU) service performance, transfer log files;
- Availability of ports used directly by the cash register itself. You can check this information with the CCP manufacturer;
- Information on errors in the “Register Manager”, register 43, “RFD error (network)”. You can check the error codes with the CCP manufacturer;
- Carry out diagnostics of communication with the OFD. Error “OFD does not respond”: means that the cash register is unable to accept the OFD response, most often due to the unavailability of ports;
- When using a NAT connection, it is strongly recommended to use a dedicated communication channel between the cash register and the Internet, or the computer to which the cash register is connected.
Setting up CCP "ATOL"
Step-by-step instructions for setting up communication with the OFD:
- We connect the cash register to the PC. Preferably, where she will continue to work (with an installed cash accounting program (1C Retail, 1C UT, Frontol, MoySklad, etc.)). These programs are used to generate tables with goods/services and employee roles.
- We install ATOL drivers no lower than 8.12 (you can download it here).
- We switch the CCP to USB communication mode.
To do this you need:
— press the button for rewinding the receipt tape and turn on the cash register
— after the fourth long beep, release and select COMMUNICATION CHANNEL — USB. (This action is also performed by pressing the receipt tape rewind button.)
*The CCP emulation driver via USB is installed from the C:\Program Files\ATOL\Drivers8\USB_Drivers directory (this directory is specified by default).
- After installing these drivers, 2 (!) virtual COM ports (VCP) should appear in the system. One of them will be used as a standard for communication with cash registers, and the second will organize the transfer of check documentation to the OFD. This connection diagram is designated Ethernet over USB, but if only one COM port is displayed on the PC, then in the Windows command line you need to run the following command:
pnputil -a "\Program Files (x86)\ATOL\Drivers8\USB_Drivers\ATOL_uUSB.inf"
- Let's launch Driver management (you can find this service in the ATOL directory, then “Drivers of commercial equipment V. 8”), then on the last tab we set the autostart of the EoU service, the port number and the model of your cash register.
We check that the service has actually started and starts even after rebooting the PC! Without this service, CCP will not be able to organize the transfer of check documentation.
- Let's launch KKM driver test and connect the cash register to SECOND PORT (NOT THE ONE used for EoU). Next, in equipment parameters, on the tab OFD We install an Ethernet over USB exchange channel. Here we check the data for connecting to the OFD Platform:
— INN 9715260691 Evotor OFD LLC
— IP 185.170.204.91 or ofdp.platformaofd.ru
—Port 21101
- DNS 8.8.8.8
For a cash register connected via Ethernet (22F and 22PTK and higher), you can not do all this, but install a data exchange channel via Ethernet. Then the cash register will transmit data to the OFD, bypassing your PC. To do this, of course, the CCP must be connected by a separate cable to the local network.
- Checking connection with OFD:
In the eighth version of the driver, you need to do the following:
In the ninth version of the driver, this is done as follows:
The CCT will print the diagnostic result:
Why is it worth working with ASC
The new legal requirements do not force owners of cash register equipment to contact the Technical Service Center (formerly the Technical Service Center, now it is the ASC - an authorized service center), however, independent commissioning is fraught with errors and loss of the factory warranty.
Mistakes can be costly for a company
If at least some of the numerous data are entered incorrectly, the cash register will not be registered, so re-registration may be required, which will again require expenses.
The factory warranty will no longer be valid if there is third-party intervention.
Manufacturers retain the factory warranty only if all work with the cash register (for example, replacing a fiscal drive, reprogramming, hardware modifications) is performed by employees of an accredited and certified service center. Otherwise, the warranty will expire, which means that all repairs that would have been carried out free of charge under the warranty will have to be done by the company at its own expense.
