Postings for wages and taxes: how to reflect them correctly in 2021

The new salary law in 2021 is a rather interesting topic that will certainly be of interest to every working citizen of our country. All noted changes and adjustments are an integral part of Federal Law No. 212-F3, which was adopted last summer. What more detailed changes does this legislation envisage? These are, of course, the terms of payment of wages, advance payments, employment contracts, local regulations, fines for non-payment of salaries to employees. But, more about everything.

Which accounts are used to pay salaries and taxes?

The chart of accounts establishes the following accounts, with the help of which wages are calculated and paid to employees working in the company under employment contracts:

• Accounts for recording costs by place of their occurrence - 08, 20,23,25,26,28,29,44, 86, 91, 96, 99 - are used to pay salaries to company employees employed in various structural divisions of the company.
• Account 50 – to reflect the payment of wages from the company’s cash desk.
• Account 51 - to reflect the transfer of remuneration to employees to their bank accounts.
• Account 68 “Personal Income Tax” – is used when the employer fulfills the duties of a tax agent to withhold and transfer wages.
• Account 69 - used to calculate benefits included in the employee’s salary, but paid from social insurance funds; this account is also used when a company, within the framework of compulsory social insurance, accrues wage contributions to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, the Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund, and the Social Insurance Fund.
• Account 70 – used when calculating and issuing earnings to employees. This account collects information about payroll settlements with the employee.
• Account 73 - applies when there are other relationships with the employee that involve deductions from his salary. First of all, this is the return of loans provided, compensation for damage caused to the organization, calculation of compensation for the use of personal transport, etc.
• Account 76 - applies in case of deduction on writs of execution received by the company in favor of third writs, as well as on the basis of a voluntary application by the employee. Salary deposits are also reflected in this account.
• Account 84 - is used when calculating amounts due to an employee, the source of which is the company’s profit.

New rules for certification of documents from July 1, 2018

Starting from July 1, 2018, adjustments regarding certification of documents also come into force. In particular, this applies to work books and other internal regulations. This is regulated by GOST R 7.0.97.2016, approved by Order of Rosstandart No. 435/st dated May 25, 2017.

Based on these standards, the new rules for certification of documents are as follows::

• 
  paper for indoor use. Such documents must be certified or “Copy is correct”, and also indicate the position and full name of the authorized entity who certifies the paper. In addition, you will need to decipher the signature and indicate the date when the copy of the document was certified;

• paper for external use. Often, copies of internal documents of employees are required by third-party organizations for purposes not related to work (for example, when applying for a bank loan or submitting documents to obtain a foreign passport). So, based on the new rules, from 07/01/2018. on the certified copy of the document it is necessary to put a mark on the actual place of storage of the original paper, the number and year of establishment of the employee’s personal file. The specified information is certified by the signature of an authorized person and the seal of the business entity.

Payroll postings

Wages are accrued, posting in the table:

Postings in a budget institution

Budgetary institutions have a different Chart of Accounts than commercial enterprises.

The table presented below contains transactions for the calculation and issuance of salaries in budgetary organizations.

You may be interested in:
Chart of accounts for [year] with explanations and entries

Checks

From 2021, labor inspectors will begin coming to inspections with questionnaires

From January 1, 2021, checklists will be used during routine inspections of employers. The questionnaires contain a closed list of questions for the company. Note that at first the new rules will only affect companies that have been assigned a moderate risk class by Rostrud. And from July 1, 2021, this procedure will be extended to all employers. Reason: Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated September 8, 2017 No. 1084. Anyone can get acquainted with the questions and understand what exactly interests the inspectors. And the “Electronic Inspector” on the online inspection.rf website will allow you to undergo a virtual check and understand your weaknesses (Order of Rostrud dated November 10, 2017 No. 655).

Tax payment transactions

Personal income tax must be withheld from the employee's salary. In addition, contributions to social funds and injuries are assessed for the entire amount of earnings.

Contributions are accrued to the same cost accounts as the employee's salary. Transfer of such obligatory payments occurs only by non-cash method within the time limits established by law.

Examples of accounting entries

Let's look at the accounting entries for wages, examples in the table.

Paying salaries on time

Salaries can be paid from the organization's cash desk, or by non-cash transfer to a card or bank account.

Payment deposited

If salaries are paid to employees in cash, there is a deadline for payment specified by law. If, upon completion, there are unpaid amounts left in the cash register, then such salary is subject to deposit, i.e., returned to the current account. It must be issued upon request.

Paying salaries to a bank card (salary project)

The peculiarity of accounting for the payment of wages lies in the way it is processed by the bank. If an enterprise sends a single register, and accordingly, the entire amount under the document is debited from the current account at once, then it is more correct to formalize such a payment through account 76.

Attention! If, according to the register, the bank generates a separate payment slip for each person, then the payment can be directly deposited into account 51. You should also not forget about the commission that the bank charges for such operations.

Payment of compensation for delay

The law establishes that if an employer delays payment of wages, he is obliged to independently calculate and pay compensation to employees for this event. Such a payment is not subject to taxes, but social contributions must be charged on it.

Refund of salary

The return of excess wages issued can be made on the voluntary initiative of the employee himself personally to the cash desk or to an account, or it can be withheld by the organization from the salary of subsequent periods based on a written application.

You might be interested in:

Account 71 in accounting: what is it used for, correspondence, subaccounts, main entries

Salary deductions

All deductions can be divided into mandatory and voluntary. Mandatory tax includes personal income tax, deductions on writs of execution and similar documents. Voluntary deductions are those that are made with the consent of the employee on the basis of an application submitted by him.

Payment of financial assistance

Financial assistance is a payment to an employee at the expense of the organization’s profits. If its amount is less than 4,000 rubles, then personal income tax is not withheld from such payment.

Sick leave

The generation of sick leave payments depends on whether the region is participating in the direct payment project. In this case, the organization accrues and shows in accounting only that part of the sick leave that comes from its funds.

Vacation pay

According to the Labor Code, each employee has the right to a period of annual leave if he has worked a certain amount of time. The reflection of such a period in accounting depends on whether the company creates a vacation reserve. In addition, if the vacation period falls within two months, payment for the next month is charged to deferred expenses.

Payment of wages in kind

The law allows part of the employee’s salary to be paid in kind. However, this amount cannot exceed 20% of the total salary accrual. As a payment for earnings, property can be issued that can be used by the employee or be of benefit.

Important! It is prohibited to issue alcoholic beverages, narcotic or toxic substances, weapons and ammunition, or promissory notes as payment.

Average salary level for individual regions of the country

By analyzing the general state of salaries and security of the country’s population, it is impossible to derive a single average indicator of citizens’ income. First of all, this is due to the availability of various regions. And also it is impossible to bring the level of wages, say, in Moscow, the capital of the country, and a small provincial town or even a town, to a common denominator. To deduct the real average, it is necessary to compare the level of salaries directly in each region, and even city, separately. And only after that do a comparative analysis across the country, which, in fact, is also not very effective on the scale of such a huge state as the Russian Federation.

It is worth noting that recently, especially with the introduction of sanctions, the level of wages has begun to fluctuate even more in certain regions. Those cities where they were able to find the most effective industries for their own development more or less improved their well-being, and some regions simply fell into even greater decline. Here, as a result, there is an increase in the number of unemployed, which also does not improve the country’s performance. As a result, more ambitious and purposeful specialists, and, in particular, young people, decided to try their hand at moving to large cities.

Rosstat analyzed the data for each city, and this is what the average salary turned out to be relative to individual regions and even cities.

As we can see, the highest earnings, as expected, are in large industrial regions and, of course, cultural centers. Translated into currency terms, salaries here reach 800-1000 dollars, which is more or less similar to European payments. But in smaller, and not particularly industrially developed, cities, salaries barely reach $300-400.