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Published: 04/07/2016
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Due to the nature of the work of some enterprises, they introduce a shift work schedule, in which employees work not one, but two or three shifts per day. This regime is appropriate, for example, for enterprises in which the duration of the production process is longer than the duration of work established by labor legislation. Also, several shifts can be introduced for more complete and efficient use of existing equipment.
In any of these cases, the question arises of how to properly organize the payment of employees and keep track of working hours. The rules and features of payment, as well as possible problems, are worth considering in more detail.
- Time tracking Daily
- Monday
- Summarized
- At a set hourly rate
What does shift work mean?
The rules for establishing a shift work schedule at an enterprise are prescribed in Article 103 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. This schedule implies the organization of work with:
- the duration of the production process is more than the normal duration of the working day;
- organizing more appropriate use of machinery, equipment, and production space;
- the need to increase production volumes;
- organizing round-the-clock operation of trade or public service facilities;
- other production factors.
Work can be organized in two, three or four shifts. At the same time, working for two shifts in a row is prohibited.
What does headcount calculation look like?
Like that.
The data you enter allows you to calculate the target number and workload for the amount of work you define and compare it with the actual number of employees.
Do not forget about the principles of calculating the number that you should have read about in the article about the 8 basic principles of calculating the number - all calculations were made in accordance with them.
If the calculator’s algorithms suddenly fail, a cell highlighted in red with the amount of “lost” hours will appear to the right of the “Control” inscription.
Remuneration for shift work: features
As a rule, a company with a shift schedule establishes a summarized recording of working hours. Its peculiarity is that labor standards are determined within the accounting period: month, quarter or year. And the salary is calculated based on the tariff rate determined for this period.
Pay per shift is also calculated based on the hourly wage rate multiplied by the number of hours in the shift.
Example.
Semenov S.S. The salary is set at 40,000 rubles. The company has established a summarized recording of working hours. In March, all scheduled hours were worked (159 hours). The accounting period is 1 year (according to the production calendar, this is 1970 hours).
Salaries in different months may differ due to the different number of working hours in them.
The use of summarized accounting for shift workers is not mandatory. The organization has the right to establish another form of payroll, for example, time-based, based on salary. Payment for a shift work schedule with salary will be calculated in the usual manner. That is, if the working hours are fully worked according to the schedule, the employee will be paid the salary in full:
Working in 3 shifts of 8 hours each - how is it?
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Payroll for holidays and weekends
The calculation of wages for the performance of work duties on weekends has a number of features. This is due to the fact that with a shift schedule, days off may not be the traditional Saturday and Sunday, but other days. In this case, Saturday and Sunday can be working days. In this case, wages for these days will be calculated as usual, and no increased rate will be applied.
But if the working day of the shift falls on an official non-working holiday, then the shift worker must be paid at an increased rate: based on the double tariff rate.
Example.
Let's return to our example. Let's assume that Semenov S.S. worked on March 8 for 8 hours. Then he should have been paid:
Instead of double payment, the employee can, at his request, be given an additional day of rest. In this case, shifts on holidays are paid at a single rate.
How to enter data to calculate headcount
Pay attention to the color coding of the cells of the data entry sheets - you need to enter data in the fields without a brown fill.
Open the “Description of Work” sheet, select from the drop-down list the position that performs a specific operation.
If the same work is performed by employees occupying different positions, this means that there are shortcomings in the organization of work, the principle of division of labor is not implemented.
It is possible to replace employees who are absent from work on weekends or the possibility of duplicating their functions in case of employment in other jobs or if it is necessary to simultaneously perform a larger volume of work than usual.
In the next field, indicate the business process/work block.
Then you indicate the operation, its duration (maximum/minimum), select from the drop-down list the appropriate parameter for the frequency of the operation performed, indicate the frequency of the operation itself and the number of workers required to complete it.
This is what it looks like (click to enlarge image)
After you have figured out the amount of work, go to the “Working time” sheet.
Everything on it should be intuitive, special attention should be paid to the red “Losses” column.
It includes the total time of lost working time - time to “switch” from one type of work to another, losses due to ineffective organization of work, due to uneven workload (for example, at first there are no buyers, and then an influx), technological interruptions (need wait until some work is completed, then start others), time to complete urgent and unscheduled tasks, losses due to violations of labor discipline, etc.
How are “donor days” paid when working shifts?
In general, the donor is provided with two paid days of rest:
- day of blood donation;
- the day after donating blood.
The second day can be used immediately, or can be transferred to another working day or added to annual leave. During the rest period, the donor retains his average earnings.
But all this is true for a normal working day (8 hours). Rostrud spoke about “donor” vacation and its payment back in 2012 (Letter 402-6-1 dated March 20, 2012). The agency believes that the donor should be given 8 hours of rest. If the shift is longer (for example, 12 hours), then the employee will be required to work hours in excess of eight on another workday. And in Letter 14-2/OOG-1727, the Ministry of Labor clarified that the donor only needs to pay for 8 working hours, regardless of the actual duration of the shift.
What difficulties may you encounter in preparing data for calculating headcount?
Often, when rationing operations, the maximum execution time is several times greater than the minimum.
This happens when the name of one operation hides several operations that differ in content and scope of work.
Here is an example when the “shipment of goods” operation, lasting from 5 to 40 minutes, had to be “split” into two:
- “shipment of goods using an invoice with a small number of product items” - 5-10 minutes
- “shipment of goods according to an invoice with a large number of items of goods” - 30-40 minutes.
If the duration of the operation is long (several hours or several days), it is necessary to clarify its content and break it down into several operations, or, if this is difficult, break it down into several sub-operations with a fixed step in duration or number of operations.
Position
According to the Labor Code of Russia, the employer has the right to independently establish and regulate shift schedules. But at the same time, a 40-hour work week must be strictly observed, which amounts to a standard of 167 working hours per month.
Separate articles provide exceptions for some special categories of employees: minors, disabled people, pregnant and nursing mothers regarding the duration of one shift.
In other cases, the employer can determine the duration at his own discretion - in this matter the Labor Code does not impose any restrictions.
It is noteworthy that a shift work schedule is only one in which employees change at least once a day.
If one team is employed at one enterprise around the clock, this is not a shift mode - according to the articles of the Labor Code of Russia. Thus, if a shift schedule is introduced, one shift cannot last 24 hours.
In enterprises operating on a standard five- or six-week schedule, fixed days off or one day off are established.
If not, rest days can fall on any day of the week - then they are called “floating”.
Additional calculator features and limitations
In addition to basic algorithms, the calculator can use headcount drivers—quantitative indicators of the volume of work that indirectly determine the workload of employees.
For example, the number of store visitors or the average daily number of receipts.
In addition, using the calculator you can determine the optimal composition of the department.
About restrictions.
Of course, the price for the simplicity of the calculator is the risk of inaccurate calculations.
If you need high accuracy of calculations, you may want to use other methods and tools.
